rrr

                iudfhdackhg jeo.;a jk moaO;s

ü iudfhdackfha wjYH;djh

       cSùkaf.a mrsKduh;a iuÕ Tjqkaf.a foay ffi, úúO ld¾hhka i|yd úYaf,aYkh ù we;' ffi,j, ls%hdldrs;ajh fyd|ska mj;ajd .ekSug nyiaffi,Sh mrsirfha fN!;sl yd ridhksl ;;a;aj  tla;rd mrdihl mj;ajd .; hq;= h' tfuka u cúfhl=f.a ndysr mrsirfha  ;;a;aj fjkia jqj o i;a;aj foayfha wNHka;r mrsirh ksh;j mj;ajd .; hq;= h'

                      WoaoSmH;djh ke;fyd;a ixfõoS;djh cù ,laIKhls' foayfha úúO ia:dkj, msysá ixfõol m%;s.%dyl u.ska W;af;ac ,ndf.k tu mKsjqv iakdhq wdfõ. fydarafudak u.ska ldrl olajd iïfma%IKh ùfuka miq ldrl u.ska m%;spdr olajhs' cSúfhl=f.a meje;aug tu cSúhdf.a foay wNHka;r iudfhdackhla ;îu w;HdjYHh' tkï mrsirfha W;af;acj,g m%;spdr oelaúh hq;= h' iudfhdackhg ksYaÑ; w¾: oelaùula ke;;a" m%;s.%dyl wjhj u.ska  W;af;ac Wnd .ekSu" tajdg m%;spdr oelaùug wod, ldrl fj; fhduq lsÍu" wjfndaO lr .ekSu yd md,kh  iudfhdackh hs'

ü m%;s.%dyl (Receptors)

          m%;s.%dyl f,i  yªkajkafka foyhg ndysrj fyda foayh ;=<  W;af;ac m%;.ykh lrk ffi, fyda wjhjhka h' m%;s.%dyl hk Yla;s mrsKdul fõ' W;af;ach ksid we;sjk  Yla;s iajrEmhla f,i      úNj   ckkh lrhs' úNj ckkh l%shd úNjhl we;s lsrSug fya;= fõ' iakdhq ffi,hl we;sjk l%shd úNjh iakdhq wdfõ.hla tla ia:dkhl isg ;j;a  ia:dkhlg iïfm%aIKh lsrSug fya;= fõ'  m%;s.%dyl  u.ska m%;s.yKh lrk W;af;acfha iajdNdjh wkqj  m%;s.%dyl j¾. .Kkdjls'

ü ldrl (Effectors)

           W;af;ac i|yd  m%;spdr olajk foayfha msysá wjhj fõ' fmaYs yd .%kÓ foayfha msysá m%Odk  m%;s.%dyl  fõ' tfia jqj o ldrl f,i  l%shd lrk fmaYsj,ska ffoysl iakdhq moaO;sh  i|yd  ldrl f,I lxld,  fmaYs o iajhxidOl iakdhq  moaO;sh  i|yd  ldrl  f,i yDoA yd isksÿ fmaYs o l%shd lrhs'

            i;=kaf.a iudfhdackhg moaO;s folla msysghs'

•         iakdhq  moaO;sh 
•         wka;rdi¾.  moaO;sh   

ü iakdhq moaO;sh (Nervous system)

    

                      ixfõol m%;s.%dyl yd pd,l  ldrl m%Odk jYfhka iïnkaO jkafka iakdhq moaO;sh u.sks'                    iakdhq  moaO;sfha  m%Odk ld¾hh iakdhql  iudfhdackh isÿ lsrSuhs' th l,, nysiap¾ufhka iïNjh ,nhs'  iakdhq  moaO;sh kshqfrdak yd kshqfrd.a,shd f,i y÷kajk w;sf¾l ffi, ñ,shk .Kkla tlaù iEoS we;'  kshqfrdak wdfõ.  ksmoùu yd mrsjykhg jeo.;a jk w;r  kshqfrd.a,shd  ffi,  iakdhq  moaO;sfha wdOdrl" mrsjdrl"wd.ka;=l øjH bj;a lsrSu jeks l%shd isÿ lrñka   kshqfrdak jgd msysghs'  kshqfrd.a,shd ffi, wdfõ. f.k fkdhhs' iakdhq ;ka;= jgd msysgk Yafjdaka ffi,h hkq  kshqfrd.a,shd  ffi,hls' iuyr  ffi, úúO øjH i%djh lrk i%dù  ffi, f,i msysghs' tajd iakdhq   i%dù ffi, f,i  yªkajhs'

      fuu moaO;sfha úfYaI ,laIKh jkafka  m%;s.%dyl"  ldrl yd hduk uOHia:dk hd lrñka wjYH mKsúv iïfm%aIKh lrkafka úoHq;a fyda ridhksl l%uhlg ùuhs' ta i|yd  iakdhq  ffi, j,ska iEÿKq  iakdhq jeo.;a  fõ' W;af;aclhla ,enqKq ú.i b;d fõ.fhka m%;spdr oelaùfï yelshdjla we;' tfia u we;slrk  m%;spdr m%;Hdj¾; fõ' ksoiqkla  f,i  fmaYs ixfldapkfhka mQ¾j .d;%h je<ñg ikaêfhka keñh yel' tfuka u  tu fmaYs  ixfldapkfhka kej;  je<ñg  ikaêfhka os.  yersh yel' 

ü wka;rdi¾. moaO;sh (Endocrine system)

                 

           wka;rdi¾.  moaO;sfha m%Odk ld¾hh  ridhksl iudfhdackh hs' wka;rdi¾. moaO;shg wh;a uQ,sl fldgia jkafka foayfha úúO ia:dkj, msysá  wka;rdi¾.    .%ka:ska  h' tajd nysiap¾uh" wka;Ya p¾uh fyda uOHp¾uh jeks ´kE u ckl ia;rhlska iïNjh úh yels w;r tu  .%ka:sj, msysgk úfYaIs; i%dù ffi, u.ska fyda¾fudak f,i  yªkajk úfYaIs; ridhksl øjH ksmojhs' tajdfha ridhksl jHqyh yd l%shdldrs;ajh tlsfklg fjkia h' wka;rdi¾. .%ka:s j, m%Kd, fkdue;' tu ksid ks¾kd< .%ka:s f,i o  yªkajhs' fyda¾fudak  ksmojk .%ka:sj, isg wod, ldrl fj; tajd iïfm%aIKh jkafka reêrh Tiafia h' iakdhql  iudfhdackh fuka fkdj ldrlh tla wjhjhla"  wjhjh lSmhla fyda uq¿ foayh u úh yel' tfia u fyda¾fudak j,g wod,  ldrl u.ska  m%;spdr oelaùu i|yd idfmalaIj jeä ld,hla .; fõ' we;slrk m%;spdr o m%;Hdj¾; fkd fõ' ksoiqkla  f,i j¾Ol  fyda¾fudakh ksid foayh j¾Okh jk w;r kej; fyda¾fudakfha idkaøKh wvq jQ úg foayh uq,a ;;a;ajhg m;a fkd fõ'